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Využití krmiv se sníženým zatížením vodního prostředí fosforem v chovu kapra obecného (Cyprinus carpio L.)
Zugárková, Iveta
Feeding plant-based feed in fish farming is one of the causes for increased phosphorus loading in water environment and consequent eutrophication of water. Phosphorus contained in plant components is deposited in the form of phytic acid, which is poorly digestible for cyprinids. The aim of this work was to monitor the influence of feeds with low phytate phosphorus content or the addition of enzyme for increasing the utilization of phosphorus on the production parameters and the fish exterior. In the first feed test, varieties of wheat Vánek and of barley Bojos were used for control groups. Lpa mutant lines of wheat JS-12/IDO 563 and of barley M955 were used for experimental diets. The feed test was conducted for 64 days in two repetitions. No statistically significant change occurred in the production parameters. In case of lpa barley a slight decrease in Fc occurred. In the second feed test, a feed mixture KP1 was used for the control group. Enzymatic phytase The Phyzyme XP 10.000 TPT was used in experimental diets. To feed mixtures F500 and F1000 was added only enzyme and to feed mixtures F500C3 and F1000C3 beside enzyme citric acid was added. The test lasted 72 days in two repetitions. Significant statistical difference in production parameters was recorded. FCR decreased in the groups F500C3 and F1000C3, whereas SGR increased in these groups. In groups F500C3 and F1000C3, the total length and body length also increased. According to the results, it can be concluded that lpa cereals have no effect on the reared fish. The use of the combination of phytase and citric acid has a positive influence on the production parameters without negative effects on the other parameters evaluated.
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Využitelnost fosforu u drůbeže =: Utilization of phosphorus in poultry /
Musilová, Anna
The aim of the dissertation was to determine the effect of exogenous phytase on the retention and ileal digestibility of phosphorus and calcium from the feed mixture with low level of inorganic phosphorus source and on the quality of egg shells in hens of the final hybrids of the carrier type. The dissertation work has been divided into two experiments. In the first part, the effect of phytase at level 150, 200, 250 and 300 FTU / kg on phosphorus and calcium retention without the use of phosphorus inorganic sources and on the weight of eggs, shell strength, shell weight, shell thickness and egg weight was evaluated. Phosphorus retention was positively influenced by the addition of exogenous phytase enzyme to the feed mixture at the indicated concentrations. Exogenous phytase did not have a definite effect on calcium retention. The egg shell quality, strength and thickness were positively influenced by the addition of exogenous phytase to the feed mixture at level 300 FTU / kg of the mixture. In the second part, the effect of exogenous phytase with activity of 300 FTU / kg on ileal digestibility of phosphorus and calcium from feed mixtures using inorganic sources of phosphorus in suboptimal doses (1.58 and 2.03 g / kg of non-phytate phosphorus, ie 2.6 and 3.0 g / kg of available phosphorus) and with different levels of calcium was evaluated. Phytase at 300 FTU / kg did not have a conclusive effect on the ileal digestibility of phosphorus and calcium. Higher ileal digestibility of phosphorus was found with a lower content of non-phosphate phosphorus in feed mixtures.
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Možnosti využití aditivních látek ve výživě hospodářských zvířat
KRICNEROVÁ, Zuzana
This thesis deals with the possibilities of the use of additives in livestock nutrition, their classification and characteristics. It is mainly focused on the characteristics of selected groups of zootechnical additives. These substances are added to feed and it is described their use and effect on different kinds of animals.
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Možnosti využití doplňkových látek ve výživě zvířat
ŠIMKOVÁ, Romana
The thesis deals with the use of feed additives in the livestock nutrition. It is focused on the influence of additives on the production, safety and rules of their utilisation in feed. The groups of additives and concrete ways of their usage for particular species and age categories are described there.
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Retence fosforu krmiva v chovu ryb
Malý, Ondřej
The aim of this study was observed the digestibility of diet phosphorus in fishfeed for carp (Cyprinus carpio). Observation of phosphorus digestibility is important factor for fishery in terms of environmental pollution and reduction of feed costs. Sixty carps were divided into three groups. Control diet and two experimental diets were used in this study. The basic of each diet was granulated mixture KP1. Digestibility of phosphorus in experimental diets was supported by the addition of microbial phytase OptiPhos5000 CT. Content of phytase was 500 FTU in first experimental diet (F500) and 1000 FTU in second experimental diet (F1000). Indicator method was used for determination of phosphorus digestibility. Fiber was used as indicator. Excreta of carps were collected for twelve days. Phosphorus digestibility of control group was 63.9%. There was found lower phosphorus digestibility (62.6%) in the group fed diet with phytase 500 FTU. In the group fed diet with the largest content of phytase (1000 FTU) was observed 62.2% of phosphorus digestibility. According to the obtained results it can be concluded that the addition of phytase did not affect the digestibility of phosphorus. The reason for these results could be improperly chosen of method.
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Využití transgenních linií ječmene SCLW-GP-PHYA ve šlechtění
Hanáková, Marie
The F1 generation, which was obtained by hybridization transgenic lines of malting barley SCLW-GP-PHYA with feed barley of varieties Azit, Heris and Tocada, was formed for the purpose of transmission of the phyA transgene, which controls the production of the enzyme phytase. 107 hybrids of F1 generation, where it feed variety Azit was used as male plants, has been verified hybrid origin using SSR EBmac0603. In 27 individuals have been confirmed hybrid origin and by 23 individuals has been showed by the method PCR of the phyA transgene. Based on the measurement of phytase activity in the caryopsis F1 generation, which was lower compared with the female transgenic lines, but higher than in male feed variety Azit. F2 generation was observed phenotypic cleavage in size plant, length spike and grain size. Positive plants of the phyA transgene have been used to stabilize transgene and obtained homozygous plants by method androgenesis. From 4834 anthers have been obtained 54 green plants and 148 albinotic plants The phyA transgene were by the method PCR in 33 green plants (61.6 %) and 2 albinotic plants (1.4 %). Flow cytometry has been used to determine to level of ploidy in 54 green plants and have been 42 doubled haploid (77.7 %), 6 haploid (11.1 %), 4 tetrahaploid (7.4 %) and 2 trihaploid (3.7 %). Reciprocal hybridization has been performed, when feed varieties were used as female plants and transgenic barley lines SCLW-GP-PHYA as a male plants. By 10 plants od F1 generation were by the method PCR the transgene phyA in 8 plants.
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Vliv exogenní fytázy na stravitelnost fytátového fosforu u slepic
Lundová, Zuzana
The task of my thesis was to investigate the influence of the exogenous phytase on phytate phosphorus retention. The work describes the importance of phosphotus, its digestion and absorption, phosphorus sources, what the need for phosphorus is and what it affects, and its division phosphorus digestibility and the phytase is described in the conclusion. Phytase is added because of poorer utilization of phosphorus from vegetable feed for poultry. The supplement of phytase significantly increases the utilization of phosphorus. In the case of lack of phosphorus or its excess various diseases can develop, and moreover the level of phosphorus affects other minerals in the body. That's why the standards of nutrient requirements for poultry are processed. The function of phosphorus is closely related to calcium, therefore it is important to keep their proportion in the feed balanced. The effects of adding phytase on the use, storage and excretion of phosphorus were monitored through the collection and analysis of droppings and the collection and assessment of the quality of the eggs. In the droppings was monitored how much phosphorus was not used, and in egg's case was monitored the quality egg shell, which also affects the economics of egg production.
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